LESSON PLAN OF ‘THE ADVERB’

 

LESSON NO. 15 ‘THE ADVERB’

Subject English

Grade 10^th

The adverb is a word that modifies the meaning of a verb, an adjective or another adverb, such as;

She was singing beautifully (adverb of manner) at a concert (adverb of place) last Sunday. (Adverb of time)

Adverb modifying a verb:

1.      Assad runs quickly.

2.      He walks fast.

3.      She writes neatly.

4.      The singer sang sweetly.

Adverbs modifying an Adjective:

1.      She is too shy.

2.      I am very busy nowadays.

3.      I am so glad to hear it.

4.      He was ill pleased.

5.      Too many cooks spoil the broth.

Adverb modifying another adverb:

1.      I said it quite clearly to his face.

2.      She wakes up very early.

3.      The station is far off.

4.      He was very kindly received.

5.      He talks so rudely.

KINDS OF ADVERB

Adverb may be divided into the following classes according to their meaning, as such;

(1) Adverb of Time (answers the question ‘when’)

1.      I have heard this before.

2.      He arrived late.

3.      They come here daily.

4.      The end soon came.

5.      Wasted time never returns.

(2) Adverb of Frequency (answers the question ‘how often’)

1.      She was told me twice.

2.      He often makes mistakes.

3.      They seldom come here.

4.      The peon called me again.

5.      She always tries to come up with a new idea.

(3) Adverb of Place (answers the question ‘where’)

1.      Please stand here.

2.      Go there.

3.      I have searched my books everywhere.

4.      Come in.

5.      The table is far.

(4) Adverb of Manner (answers the ‘where’)

1.      My daughter reads clearly.

2.      The soldiers fought bravely.

3.      The story is well written.

4.      Slowly and sadly we laid him down.

5.      You should not say so.

(5) Adverb of Degree or Quantity (answers the question ‘where’)

1.      He was too careless.

2.      These mangoes are almost ripe.

3.      She is fully prepared.

4.      Sana is very gloomy.

5.      You are quite wrong.

(6) Adverb of Reason (answers the question ‘where’)

1.      She is thus unable to answer.

2.      He therefore left the school.

3.      I am ill, so I can`t come to school.

4.      Because he was not feeling well, he didn`t attend the function.

5.      Akbar was hence neglected by his teachers.

(7) Interrogative adverb ( used in asking in questions)

1.      Where is Shaded?                                     [adverb of place]

2.      When did Sajid join college?                   [adverb of time]

3.      Why are you late?                                    [adverb of reason]

4.      How did you do this?                               [adverb of manner]

5.      How many boys are there in the class?   [adverb of number]

6.      How high is the tower?                            [ adverb of degree]

POSITION OF ADVERB

When more than one adverb comes in a sentence, its positions should be followed carefully. Sometimes the meaning changes with the change of the position, as such;

(1)   Adverbs of manner which answer the question “How” are generally placed after the verb or after the object if there is one.

1.      It is raining heavily.

2.      The ship is going slowly.

3.      She speaks English slowly.

4.      He does his work carefully.

5.      He sang a song sweetly.

(2)   Adverb of place (which answer the question “where”) and adverb of time (which answer the question “when”) are generally placed after the verb or after the object if there is one, as such;

1.      He will come here.

2.      I looked everywhere.

3.      I met him yesterday.

4.      He will marry next week.

(3)   When two or more adverbs after a verb (and its subject) the normal order is : adverb of manner –adverb of place –adverb of time, as such;

1.      She was singing beautifully (adverb of manner) at (adverb of place) last Sunday.(adverb of time)

2.      He should go there (adverb of place) tomorrow morning (adverb of time)

3.      She spoke honestly (adverb of manner) at (adverb of place) the meeting last night (adverb of time)

(4)   Adverb of Frequency (which answer the question “How often”, always, never, often, rarely, usually, generally) and some other adverbs (like-almost, already, hardly, nearly, just, quite) are normally put between the subject and the verb, as such;

1.      His wife never cooks.

2.      He has never seen a tiger.

3.      He often comes late.

4.      I have often told him to write neatly.

(5)   If the verb is /am/are/was/were, these adverbs are placed after them, as such;

1.      I am never late for school.

2.      He is always at home on Sunday.

3.      We are just off.

(6)   The auxiliaries have to and used to prefer the adverb in front of them, as such;

1.      I often have to go to college on foot.

2.      She always used to agree with me.

(7)   The adverb enough comes after the verb it modifies, as such;

1.      Is the box big enough?

2.      He was rash enough to interrupt.

3.      He spoke loud enough to be heard.

(8)   The adverb ‘only’ should be placed after the word it modifies.

1.      I worked only two hours.

2.      He was slept only three hours.

3.      He reads only books. (Only book, no other thing like magazines etc.)

4.      Only he reads books. (no one other than he reads books)

5.      He reads books only. (he does nothing but reads books)